Oxford AQA International AS Level · Biology (9610)
4 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 2 written questions with worked solutions. All on The defensive functions of mammalian blood.
During a laboratory investigation into passive immunity, a student compares the effects of injecting an antiserum versus a vaccine. Why does the protection offered by the antiserum decrease over time whereas a vaccine provides long-term protection?
Explain the specific role of lysosomes during the process of phagocytosis of a bacterial pathogen.
Explain how the formation of an antigen-antibody complex contributes to the destruction of a pathogen during the humoral immune response.
Which of the following biological processes explains how antigen variability in some viruses, such as influenza, affects the effectiveness of vaccination programs?
In the context of the defensive functions of mammalian blood, explain the role of antigen-presenting cells and describe how the formation of an antigen-antibody complex leads to the destruction of a bacterial pathogen.
Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.
Explain why the primary immune response to a pathogen is slower than the secondary immune response, referring to the specific roles of plasma cells and memory cells.
Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.
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