Pearson Edexcel IGCSE · Chemistry

Atomic structure: Practice Questions

5 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 5 written questions with worked solutions. All on Atomic structure.

10 questions24 marksFree, no account

Question 1

1 mark

Which of the following correctly describes the position of the sub-atomic particles within an atom?

Question 2

1 mark

An element G has two naturally occurring isotopes: \( ^{69}\text{G} \) and \( ^{71}\text{G} \). The relative abundance of \( ^{69}\text{G} \) is 60% and the relative abundance of \( ^{71}\text{G} \) is 40%.

What is the relative atomic mass (\( A_r \)) of element G?

Question 3

1 mark

Element X has an Atomic Number of 20. It exists naturally as two primary isotopes, X-40 (mass 40.0) and X-42 (mass 42.0). The Relative Atomic Mass (\(A_r\)) of naturally occurring Element X is 40.08.

Calculate the percentage abundance of the heavier isotope (X-42), and subsequently determine the total number of electrons present in a stable ion of Element X, \(\text{X}^{2+}\).

Question 4

1 mark

In the structure of an atom, where are the protons and neutrons located?

Question 5

1 mark

The atomic number of phosphorus is 15. A specific isotope of phosphorus is represented as \( ^{32}\text{P} \). How many protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus of one atom of this isotope?

Question 6

2 marks

State the location and the approximate relative mass (to the nearest whole number) of the electron within a neutral atom.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

Question 7

4 marks

An atom of Bromine-81 ( \(^{81}_{35}\text{Br}\) ) is neutral. Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons present in this atom.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

Question 8

5 marks

Naturally occurring Argon is comprised mainly of three isotopes: Argon-36, Argon-38, and Argon-40. If the measured Relative Atomic Mass (\(A_r\)) of Argon is 39.95, deduce which isotope has the highest natural abundance and justify your answer.

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Question 9

4 marks

The sulfide ion, \(\text{S}^{2-}\), is formed when a sulfur atom gains electrons. The sulfur atom has an atomic number of 16 and a mass number of 32.

a) Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the neutral sulfur atom, \(^{32}_{16}\text{S}\).

b) Determine the number of electrons in the sulfide ion, \(\text{S}^{2-}\).

c) Write the electronic configuration for the sulfide ion, \(\text{S}^{2-}\).

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

Question 10

4 marks

Element T has an atomic number of 17. It occurs naturally as two isotopes: T-35 and T-37.

a) Calculate the number of neutrons in an atom of the heavier isotope, T-37.

b) A student is asked to determine the number of electrons in the T-35 atom and the T-37 atom. Explain how the number of electrons compares in these two neutral isotopes.

c) Deduce the electronic configuration of a neutral T atom.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

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