Atmosphere and weather: Practice Questions

• a.Deposition
• b.Sublimation
• c.Evaporation
• d.Condensation

• a.Cities experience higher precipitation due to increased convection and more condensation nuclei.
• b.Urban areas have no impact on precipitation compared to the surrounding rural areas.
• c.Cities experience less precipitation due to lower humidity levels.
• d.Precipitation is lower in cities because the high albedo of buildings reflects moisture.

• a.

  Advection of warm moist air \(\rightarrow\) cooling by contact with a cold surface \(\rightarrow\) condensation.

• b.

  Terrestrial longwave radiation loss \(\rightarrow\) surface cooling \(\rightarrow\) conduction from air to surface \(\rightarrow\) air temperature reaches dew point.

• c.

  Shortwave radiation absorption \(\rightarrow\) evaporation \(\rightarrow\) vertical convection \(\rightarrow\) dew point reached.

• d.

  Adiabatic expansion \(\rightarrow\) cooling \(\rightarrow\) condensation at the lifting condensation level.

• a.

  A radiation deficit occurs in the Northern Hemisphere during summer, while a radiation excess occurs in the Southern Hemisphere due to land distribution.

• b.

  A radiation deficit exists at the equator due to high cloud cover, while a radiation excess is found at the sub-tropical high-pressure belts.

• c.

  A radiation excess exists in the tropics between approximately \(35^{\circ}\)N and \(35^{\circ}\)S, while a radiation deficit exists at higher latitudes toward the poles.

• d.

  A radiation excess is distributed uniformly across all latitudes during the equinoxes, resulting in a global equilibrium of sensible heat.

• a.

  The greater thermal inertia of the oceans causes the seasonal migration of pressure belts to be less extreme over water than over continental landmasses.

• b.

  Continental landmasses heat up and cool down slowly, causing pressure belts to remain static over land throughout the year.

• c.

  The high albedo of the oceans leads to the development of permanent low-pressure systems over the mid-latitudes.

• d.

  The ITCZ moves further south over the Atlantic Ocean than over South America during the Northern Hemisphere summer.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.