IB Diploma Programme (DP) - SL & HL · Chemistry

Reactivity 3.1—Proton transfer reactions: Practice Questions

5 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 4 written questions with worked solutions. All on Reactivity 3.1—Proton transfer reactions.

9 questions18 marksFree, no account

Question 1

1 mark

In the following reaction, which species acts as the Brønsted-Lowry acid?

$ \text{CH}_3\text{NH}_2(aq) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(l) \rightleftharpoons \text{CH}_3\text{NH}_3^+(aq) + \text{OH}^-(aq) $

Question 2

1 mark

Which of the following aqueous solutions of equal concentration will have the highest conductivity at $ 298 \text{ K} $?

Question 3

1 mark

Solution X is $ 0.1 \text{ mol dm}^{-3} $ $ \text{HCl}(\text{aq}) $ and Solution Y is $ 0.1 \text{ mol dm}^{-3} $ $ \text{CH}_3\text{COOH}(\text{aq}) $. Both solutions are diluted by a factor of 100 with distilled water. Which statement correctly describes the change in $ \text{pH} $?

Question 4

1 mark

Which of the following describes the behavior of a Brønsted-Lowry acid?

Question 5

1 mark

Aqueous solutions of four acids with the same concentration are prepared. Which acid solution will have the lowest electrical conductivity?

Question 6

2 marks

Identify the conjugate base of hydrobromic acid ($$\text{HBr}$$) in an aqueous solution.

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Question 7

4 marks

For the reaction between ammonia ($$\text{NH}_3$$) and water ($$\text{H}_2\text{O}$$):
$$ \text{NH}_3(\text{aq}) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{l}) \rightleftharpoons \text{NH}_4^+(\text{aq}) + \text{OH}^-(\text{aq}) $$
Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acid and base, and their respective conjugate acid and base.

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Question 8

3 marks

Proton transfer reactions are fundamental in chemistry. The Brønsted-Lowry theory provides a widely used framework for understanding these reactions.

(a) State the definitions of a Brønsted-Lowry acid and a Brønsted-Lowry base.

(b) Consider the following equilibrium reaction:

$$NH_3(aq) + H_2O(l) \rightleftharpoons NH_4^+(aq) + OH^-(aq)$$

Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acid, Brønsted-Lowry base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base in the forward reaction.

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Question 9

4 marks

Some species can act as both a Brønsted-Lowry acid and a Brønsted-Lowry base.
(a) State the term used to describe such species.
(b) Write two equations for the reactions of the hydrogen phosphate ion, $ \text{HPO}_4^{2-} $, to demonstrate this behavior:
(i) acting as an acid with water.
(ii) acting as a base with water.
(c) Identify the conjugate base of $ \text{HPO}_4^{2-} $.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

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