Presenting collected information by speaking or writing

Welcome to Presenting Collected Information!

Have you ever learned something super cool in Science, Math, Art, or Social Studies and wanted to share it with your friends? That is what this chapter is all about! In English, sharing what you have gathered from other subjects is called presenting collected information. You can do this by speaking (talking out loud) or by writing (putting your words on paper with pictures or charts).

Note: To see how we search for and gather these words first, check out our companion chapter, "Searching & collecting words from media and learning resources".

Don't worry if speaking or writing in English feels a little scary right now. We will take it step by step, from simple one-word sharing to building neat, colourful presentations!

1. How Presenting Grows as You Grow (Grade by Grade)

In Thailand's English curriculum, your presentation skills build up gently year by year:

Lower Primary (ป.1 – ป.3): Speaking Only!
In grades 1 to 3, you only need to speak (พูด). There is no requirement to write full presentations yet.
• Words: You use concrete words (things you can see and touch, like cat, apple, red, circle).
• Vocabulary size: From about 150–200 words in ป.1 up to 350–450 words by the end of ป.3.
• Sentence styles: You use one-word sentences (ประโยคคำเดียว) or short simple sentences (ประโยคเดี่ยว), such as "A triangle." or "It is green."
• Visuals: You can point to pictures, simple charts, or diagrams while you speak.

Upper Primary (ป.4 – ป.6): Speaking and Writing!
From grade 4 onwards, you present by both speaking and writing (พูดและเขียน).
• Words: You begin using both concrete words and abstract words (such as feelings, health, and weather).
• Vocabulary size: About 550–700 words in ป.4, growing to 1,050–1,200 words by the end of ป.6 (reaching CEFR Level A1).
• Sentence styles: You use simple sentences (ประโยคเดี่ยว) and compound sentences (ประโยคผสม) using linking words like and or but. In ป.5 and ป.6, you also give reasons using because!
• Visuals: You make and label pictures, plans, charts, and tables (ตารางและแผนภูมิ).

Key Takeaway: In ป.1–ป.3, focus on saying words and short sentences out loud. In ป.4–ป.6, practice writing them down and making neat charts to show your work!

2. Presenting by Speaking: Tips for Clear Talks

Giving a short talk in front of your class or teacher does not have to be stressful. Follow these friendly rules:

A. Good Posture and Gestures

Our curriculum highlights using natural gestures (ท่าทางประกอบ) just like native speakers do:
• Stand up straight and smile at your classmates.
• Look at your listeners (eye contact).
• Point clearly to your picture, drawing, or object when you talk about it.

B. Pronunciation and Voice

Speak clearly so everyone can hear you:
• Volume: Not too quiet (a whisper is hard to hear) and not shouting.
• Word Stress: Put the punch on the right part of the word (for example: doc-tor, pa-per).
• Sentence Intonation: Let your voice rise or fall naturally at the end of a sentence.

C. Simple Spoken Frames You Can Use

Here are easy sentence frames to start your short talk:
• Greeting: "Good morning, teacher and friends." or "Hello, everyone."
• Showing your topic: "This is my chart about..." or "Look at this picture."
• Sharing facts: "There are five trees." / "The weather is sunny."
• Thanking your audience: "Thank you for listening."

Key Takeaway: Smile, stand tall, speak loudly enough, and use simple sentences to describe your pictures or objects.

3. Presenting by Writing: Sentences, Punctuation & Tables

Writing enters our toolkit in ป.4. When we write down information collected from subjects like Science, Health, or Art, we must keep our sentences neat and accurate.

A. Building the Right Sentences

In primary school, we stay strictly with two kinds of sentences:
1. Simple Sentence (ประโยคเดี่ยว): One main idea with a subject and a verb.
Example: "Plants need water."
Example: "The sun is hot."

2. Compound Sentence (ประโยคผสม): Two simple ideas joined together by a small linking word like and or but.
Example: "Apples are sweet, and lemons are sour."
Example: "I like rainy days, but my brother likes sunny days."

3. Giving Reasons (ป.5 – ป.6): Adding because to explain why.
Example: "We wear hats because it is sunny."
Example: "He eats fruit because it is good for health."

Note: Complex grammar, passive sentences, and reported speech are lower-secondary topics — you do not need them in primary school!

B. Punctuation Marks (เครื่องหมายวรรคตอน)

Starting in ป.5, punctuation marks are tested closely. Always check your work for these three basic marks:

• Capital Letter (ตัวพิมพ์ใหญ่): Every sentence starts with a capital letter (e.g., This is a leaf).
• Full Stop ( . ): Put a period at the end of your statement (e.g., Milk is healthy.).
• Comma ( , ): Use a comma before and / but in compound sentences, or when listing things (e.g., I have pens, pencils, and rulers.).

C. Using Charts, Tables, and Plans

Presenting information looks best when paired with visual organisers:
• Table (ตาราง): Perfect for Math or Science data, like comparing numbers or animal types.
• Chart or Diagram (แผนภูมิ): Great for showing weather daily changes or groups of food.
• Plan or Map (แผนผัง): Helpful for showing locations in school or your community.

Key Takeaway: Keep your written facts to simple and compound sentences, always end with a full stop, and use neat tables or drawings to show your data!

4. Themes for Your Presentations

Your presentations will connect to the themes we study across the primary grades:

Lower Primary Themes (ป.1 – ป.3)

These focus on your daily life and concrete surroundings:
• Self and Family: Name, age, appearance, height.
• School and Classroom: Counting desks, colours of stationery, shapes.
• Food and Drink: Naming fruits, vegetables, milk, water.
• Recreation: Games, sports, and simple hobbies.

Upper Primary Themes (ป.4 – ป.6)

These expand into the wider world:
• Environment (สิ่งแวดล้อม): Plants, animals, trees, keeping school clean.
• Health and Welfare (สุขภาพและสวัสดิการ): Healthy foods, exercise, sickness, daily routines.
• Buying and Selling (การซื้อ-ขาย): Prices of food, stationery, school market items.
• Weather (ลมฟ้าอากาศ): Hot, cold, rainy, sunny, windy, and seasons.

5. Step-by-Step: Making a Mini-Presentation

Here is an easy 4-step guide to prepare your presentation:

Step 1: Pick your topic (e.g., Healthy Snacks in Science).
Step 2: Collect your key words (e.g., banana, milk, water, sugar).
Step 3: Make a picture or chart (draw the items and write their names or numbers).
Step 4: Speak or write simple sentences to explain your findings!

6. Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Mistake 1: Trying to write long, complicated sentences.
Fix: Keep it simple! Two short simple sentences joined by and or but are much better than a confusing long sentence.

• Mistake 2: Forgetting punctuation.
Fix: Always check: Did I start with a Capital letter? Did I finish with a full stop ( . )?

• Mistake 3: Looking down at your shoes while speaking.
Fix: Look up at your classmates! Hold your drawing or chart next to your chest so your friends can see it while you talk.

• Mistake 4: Worrying about making a small speaking error.
Fix: Everyone makes mistakes when learning a language. As long as your friends understand the main idea, you did a wonderful job!

Quick Review Summary

• ป.1 – ป.3: Present by speaking using one-word and simple sentences with concrete words and pictures.
• ป.4 – ป.6: Present by speaking or writing using simple and compound sentences, charts, tables, and correct punctuation.
• Reasons (ป.5–ป.6): Use because to explain your thoughts.
• Visuals: Always support your information with drawings, diagrams, or tables to make your presentation clear and fun!