AP Environmental Science

9 个单元 · 50 个章节

免费 AP Environmental Science 学习笔记,适合 AP (Advanced Placement) 学生。每个章节都覆盖一个重点主题,并附例题与可延伸到 thinka app 的练习提示。

Unit 1: The Living World: Ecosystems

  • Ecosystems, Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

  • The Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles

  • The Phosphorus and Hydrologic (Water) Cycles

  • Primary Productivity and Trophic Levels

  • Energy Flow, the 10% Rule, Food Chains and Food Webs

Unit 2: The Living World: Biodiversity

  • Introduction to Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

  • Island Biogeography and Ecological Tolerance

  • Natural Disruptions to Ecosystems

  • Adaptations and Ecological Succession

Unit 3: Populations

  • Generalist, Specialist, K-Selected and r-Selected Species

  • Survivorship Curves and Carrying Capacity

  • Population Growth and Resource Availability

  • Age Structure Diagrams and Total Fertility Rate

  • Human Population Dynamics and the Demographic Transition

Unit 4: Earth Systems and Resources

  • Plate Tectonics

  • Soil Formation, Erosion, Composition and Properties

  • Earth's Atmosphere and Global Wind Patterns

  • Watersheds

  • Solar Radiation, Earth's Seasons, Geography and Climate

  • El Nino and La Nina

Unit 5: Land and Water Use

  • The Tragedy of the Commons and Clearcutting

  • The Green Revolution and Impacts of Agricultural Practices

  • Irrigation Methods and Pest Control Methods

  • Meat Production, Overfishing and Aquaculture

  • Impacts of Mining and Urbanization

  • Ecological Footprints and Introduction to Sustainability

  • Sustainable Land Use: Urban Runoff, IPM, Agriculture and Forestry

Unit 6: Energy Resources and Consumption

  • Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources; Global Energy Consumption

  • Fuel Types, Uses and Distribution of Natural Energy Resources

  • Fossil Fuels

  • Nuclear Power and Energy from Biomass

  • Solar, Hydroelectric, Geothermal, Hydrogen Fuel Cell and Wind Energy

  • Energy Conservation

Unit 7: Atmospheric Pollution

  • Introduction to Air Pollution

  • Photochemical Smog and Thermal Inversion

  • Atmospheric CO2, Particulates and Indoor Air Pollutants

  • Reduction of Air Pollutants

  • Acid Rain and Noise Pollution

Unit 8: Aquatic and Terrestrial Pollution

  • Sources of Pollution and Human Impacts on Ecosystems

  • Endocrine Disruptors and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)

  • Human Impacts on Wetlands and Mangroves

  • Eutrophication and Thermal Pollution

  • Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification

  • Solid Waste Disposal, Waste Reduction and Sewage Treatment

  • LD50, Dose Response Curves, Pollution and Human Health

Unit 9: Global Change

  • Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Reducing Ozone Depletion

  • The Greenhouse Effect and Increases in Greenhouse Gases

  • Global Climate Change

  • Ocean Warming and Ocean Acidification

  • Invasive Species, Endangered Species and Human Impacts on Biodiversity

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