原子結構：练习题

What is the typical radius of an atom, expressed in metres?

The electronic structure of an atom of sodium is represented as 2,8,1. Which group of the periodic table does sodium belong to, and how many electrons are in its outer shell?

An atom of Neon-20 and an atom of Neon-22 are isotopes. Which of the following statements correctly describes their sub-atomic structure?

What is the electrical charge and relative mass of a neutron?

In an atom of the element sodium (\(^{23}_{11}\text{Na}\)), how many protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus?

A neutral atom of sodium has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23. Determine the number of neutrons and the number of electrons present in this atom.

Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of all matter. Their structure consists of specific sub-atomic particles arranged in a precise way.

a) Complete the table below to show the relative mass and the relative charge of a proton, a neutron, and an electron. (3 points)

Relative mass and relative charge of sub-atomic particles:
- Proton: Relative mass = _____, Relative charge = _____
- Neutron: Relative mass = _____, Relative charge = _____
- Electron: Relative mass = _____, Relative charge = _____

b) Describe the distribution of these particles within an atom. In your answer, refer to the nucleus and the shells (energy levels). (2 points)

c) Explain why an atom has no overall electrical charge. (1 point)