Ecology：练习题

In an ecosystem, various factors can limit the growth and distribution of populations. Which of the following is considered an abiotic factor that might affect a community of plants?

A student uses a quadrat to estimate the population of daisies in a field. The following number of daisies were counted in five different quadrat samples:

12, 15, 12, 18, 13

Calculate the mean number of daisies per quadrat.

Greenhouse gases maintain temperatures on Earth high enough to support life. Which statement accurately describes the greenhouse effect in terms of radiation interaction with matter?

In an ecosystem, feeding relationships can be represented by food chains. Which of the following best describes the role of producers in these chains?

In an ecosystem, plants often compete for limited resources to survive. Name two resources that plants specifically compete for within a community.

A student is investigating how different factors affect the rate of decay. They observe two bread slices placed in different environmental conditions over seven days.

(a) Define the term biodiversity and explain why it is essential for the stability of ecosystems. (2)

(b) Large-scale human activities often reduce biodiversity. State two ways in which deforestation negatively impacts biodiversity in tropical regions. (2)

(c) Scientists have introduced programs to reduce the negative effects of humans on ecosystems. Describe how reintroduction of field margins in agricultural areas helps to maintain biodiversity. (2)