水中的溶解度：练习题

How does increasing salinity affect the solubility of oxygen in seawater at a constant temperature and pressure?

Which combination of environmental factors would result in the lowest concentration of dissolved oxygen in a sample of seawater?

In a marine chemistry laboratory, a student dissolves \( 35\text{ g} \) of sea salt in \( 1\text{ dm}^3 \) of pure water. In this specific solution, what is the correct term for the pure water?

In an estuary, heavy river run-off mixes with incoming tidal seawater. How does this massive influx of fresh water affect the local salinity and the pH of the coastal surface water?

What is the typical average salinity of open-ocean seawater?

State the relationship between water temperature and the solubility of solid salts in seawater.

Describe the relationship between increasing ocean depth and the solubility of gases, referring to the effects of both temperature and pressure.

State whether a solution with a pH of 8.2 is acidic, alkaline, or neutral, and identify the ion whose concentration is measured by the pH scale.

(a) Define the term salinity and state the standard unit used to measure it in seawater.

(b) Explain how the processes of evaporation and precipitation change the salinity of surface waters in the open ocean.

(c) Describe the effect of increasing salinity on the solubility of dissolved gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide.