領導與管理：练习题

Which leadership theory suggests that certain individuals are born with innate qualities or personality traits that make them natural leaders?

In Muczyk and Reimann’s (1987) model of leadership behaviour, which style is used by a leader who makes all the decisions but allows followers to carry them out without close supervision?

A manager spends their afternoon meeting individually with three employees to set their specific performance goals for the upcoming quarter. According to Scouller’s levels of leadership, which level is the manager primarily operating at?

According to Kelley (1988), which two dimensions are used to categorise different followership styles?

According to Kelley’s (1988) followership model, a follower who is an independent, critical thinker but remains passive in their behavioral engagement within the organization is classified as:

Identify the three levels of leadership described in Scouller’s model.

Identify and briefly explain the two dimensions of leader behaviour identified in the Ohio State University research studies.

Compare the directive autocrat and the directive democrat leadership styles within Muczyk and Reimann’s (1987) four styles of leader behaviour.

Outline the four styles of leader behaviour proposed by Muczyk and Reimann (1987) and state which dimension of leader behaviour each style represents.

(a) Identify and describe one universalist theory of leadership.
(b) Explain one way in which universalist theories of leadership differ from behavioural theories, such as the Ohio State University studies.