Interpreting and interacting with earth systems：练习题

The greenhouse effect is caused by certain gases in the atmosphere. Which statement correctly describes the interaction of radiation with these gases?

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas. Which of the following is a significant human-related source of increased methane levels in the atmosphere?

When producing potable water from seawater, distillation is often used. Why is this process usually considered less sustainable than using groundwater sources?

Scientific evidence indicates that the Earth's atmosphere was originally oxygen-poor. How did the concentration of oxygen eventually increase to its current level of approximately 21%?

Evidence suggests that the Earth's early atmosphere was very different from today's. What was the main gas released by intense volcanic activity during the first billion years of Earth's existence?

Describe the greenhouse effect by explaining the interaction between short-wavelength radiation, the Earth's surface, and long-wavelength radiation with atmospheric gases.

The Earth’s atmosphere has changed significantly since its formation 4.6 billion years ago.
a) Describe the greenhouse effect in terms of the interaction of short-wavelength and long-wavelength radiation with matter in the atmosphere.
b) Identify two human activities that increase the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
c) Explain why there are uncertainties in the evidence base used to predict the global effects of increased carbon dioxide levels.