Biology (9477)

5 个单元 · 40 个章节

免费 Biology (9477) 学习笔记，适合 GCE A-Level - Higher 2 (H2) 学生。每个章节都覆盖一个重点主题，并附例题与可延伸到 thinka app 的练习提示。

The Cell and Biomolecules of Life

The cell theory
Outline functions of membrane systems and organelles in cells
The structure of a typical bacterial cell
The structures of biomolecules and their functions
The fluid mosaic model of membrane structure
Mode of action of enzymes
Stem cells

Genetics and Inheritance

DNA – structure and function
Central Dogma – DNA to RNA, RNA to protein
The structure of eukaryotic chromatin
The genetics of viruses
The genetics of bacteria
Genome organisation at the DNA level
Control of gene expression
DNA analysis and genomics
Mutations
Replication and division of nuclei and cells
Understanding of chromosome number and variation
Effect of meiosis on chromosome number and variation
The molecular biology of cancer
The passage of information from parents to offspring
Genotypes and phenotypes
Dihybrid crosses
Linkage and crossing-over
Interaction between loci
The effect of genotype and environment on the phenotype

Energy and Equilibrium

The need for energy in living organisms
Photosynthesis as an energy-trapping process
Respiration as an energy-releasing process
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
An overview of cell signalling and communication

Biological Evolution

The concept of the species
The neo-Darwinian revolution
Variation, natural selection and evolution
Evidence of evolution
Classification

Impact of Climate Change on Animals and Plants

Human activities that contribute to climate change
Effects of climate change on the environment, plants and animals
Impact on biodiversity, biomedicines and the global food supply
Viral dengue disease in humans and how global warming affects its spread

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