A comprehensive, evidence-based revision and exam strategy guide for Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9-1) Biology (4BI1), highlighting crucial command words, practical experimental designs, high-yield mathematical conversions, and typical student pitfalls compiled from recent examiner reports.
閱讀時間 4 分鐘更新於: 2026年6月21日
試卷概覽
卷數
2
總分
180
考試時間
3小時 15分鐘
題型
4
試卷
時間
分數
題數
比重
題型
Paper 1B / 1BR (Core Biology)
2小時
110
11
61.1%
選擇題, Structured and Short Answer, Practical / Experimental Design, Mathematical / Calculation
Paper 2B / 2BR (Advanced Biology)
1小時 15分鐘
70
6
38.9%
Comprehension Passage, Structured and Short Answer, Practical / Experimental Design, Mathematical / Calculation
評級
987654321U
計算機規定
A scientific or graphical calculator is permitted. Graphical calculators must be in exam mode with all stored programs and data cleared before the exam; the calculator must not be able to retrieve stored text or formulae.
AO1: AO1: Knowledge and understanding of biology (40%)
AO2: AO2: Application of knowledge and understanding, analysis and evaluation (40%)
AO3: AO3: Experimental skills, analysis and evaluation of data and methods (20%)
根據歷屆試題與評分準則整理（2023–2025）。
計算機程式
Table mode for roots & turning points
Scientific calculator (e.g. Casio fx-991 series)
用途: Tabulate \(y\) across a range of \(x\) to locate sign changes (roots) and approximate maxima/minima.
使用時機: Solving or sketching a function when you want to find where its graph crosses or turns.
步驟
Enter the function in TABLE mode, set the start, end and step, then read where the sign of \(y\) changes or where it peaks.
考試提示: Allowed, but clear stored programs/data (graphical calculators in exam mode) and show the required working — unsupported calculator answers score no method marks.
Statistics mode (mean, SD & regression)
Scientific calculator (e.g. Casio fx-991 series)
用途: Read the mean \(\bar{x}\) and standard deviation directly, and the gradient/intercept (and \(r\)) of a linear regression for bivariate data.
使用時機: Any data-handling, statistics, or required-practical analysis question.
步驟
Enter the data in STAT mode (1-VAR or A+BX), then recall \(\bar{x}\), \(\sigma\) or the regression coefficients.
考試提示: Allowed, but clear stored programs/data (graphical calculators in exam mode) and show the required working — unsupported calculator answers score no method marks.
Carry exact values with Ans & memory
Scientific calculator (e.g. Casio fx-991 series)
用途: Keep full-precision intermediate values to avoid rounding errors.
使用時機: Multi-step calculations where premature rounding loses the final accuracy mark.
步驟
Use Ans, STO/RCL or the M+ memory to reuse the unrounded result of each step; round only the final answer.
考試提示: Allowed, but clear stored programs/data (graphical calculators in exam mode) and show the required working — unsupported calculator answers score no method marks.
Equation solver — to CHECK your working
Scientific calculator (e.g. Casio fx-991 series)
用途: Use the built-in EQN/SOLVE mode to verify roots of quadratics or simultaneous equations you have already solved by algebra.
使用時機: As a check only, after solving by hand.
步驟
Enter the coefficients in EQN mode (or use SOLVE) and confirm they match your worked solution.
考試提示: Allowed, but clear stored programs/data (graphical calculators in exam mode) and show the required working — unsupported calculator answers score no method marks.
常見錯誤
1high涉及分數: 2Respiration
Confusing the biological purpose of adding an oil layer in different laboratory experiments.
如何避免: Remember that in yeast respiration experiments, oil is added to prevent oxygen entry (ensuring anaerobic conditions). In transpiration/potometer experiments, oil is added to the top of the cylinder to prevent water evaporating directly from the container.
2high涉及分數: 2Cell structure
Failing to convert units (e.g., millimeters to micrometers) before dividing in magnification calculations.
如何避免: Always measure the line or image in millimeters, multiply by 1000 to convert to micrometers (\( \mu\text{m} \)), and only then divide by the actual size or magnification.
3high涉及分數: 2Co-ordination and response
Writing that skin capillaries 'dilate' or 'constrict' during warm or cold temperature regulation.
如何避免: Capillaries do not have muscular walls and cannot constrict or dilate. Always specify that arterioles widen (vasodilation) or narrow (vasoconstriction), which alters blood flow to the capillaries near the skin surface.
4high涉及分數: 1Movement of substances into and out of cells
Suggesting that repeating an experiment makes it more 'accurate'.
如何避免: Repeating experiments and calculating a mean increases 'reliability' and helps identify anomalies. To improve 'accuracy', suggest using more precise, objective measuring instruments (such as a colorimeter, standard color charts, or a digital syringe).
5medium涉及分數: 2Respiration
Believing that plants only begin to respire in the dark when photosynthesis stops.
如何避免: Respiration is a continuous process that occurs in all living plant cells 24/7. Plants photosynthesize only in the light, but they respire constantly.
6high涉及分數: 2Human influences on the environment
Stating that algae 'use up' oxygen directly during the process of eutrophication.
如何避免: Explain that algae block light, causing submerged plants and algae to die. Decomposers (bacteria and fungi) then multiply rapidly, and it is their aerobic respiration that uses up the dissolved oxygen in the water.
7medium涉及分數: 2Inheritance
Calculating genetic probabilities of a trait without factoring in the probability of offspring sex.
如何避免: If a question asks for the probability of a couple having a 'male child with the trait,' find the Punnett square trait probability (e.g., 0.75) and multiply it by the sex probability (always 0.5) to get the final uncompounded probability (0.375 or 3/8).
8high涉及分數: 2Nutrition
Writing 'nutrients' or general element names instead of specific mineral ions in plant nutrition answers.
如何避免: Always name the specific mineral ion: use 'nitrates' (for amino acids/proteins) and 'magnesium' (for chlorophyll) instead of generic terms like 'nutrients', 'nitrogen', or 'magnesium metal'.
9medium涉及分數: 2Reproduction
Failing to state the direction of diffusion when explaining substance exchange across the placenta.
如何避免: Be explicit about movement direction: state that oxygen and glucose diffuse from maternal blood to fetal blood, whereas carbon dioxide and urea diffuse from fetal blood to maternal blood.
10medium涉及分數: 1Movement of substances into and out of cells
Describing animal cells as 'plasmolysed' when placed in hypertonic/concentrated salt solutions.
如何避免: The term 'plasmolysed' applies strictly to plant cells because they have cell walls. Animal cells shrivel, crenate, or shrink when they lose water by osmosis.