Cambridge IGCSE · Environmental Management (0680)

Fossil fuel formation: Practice Questions

4 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 5 written questions with worked solutions. All on Fossil fuel formation.

9 questions25 marksFree, no account

Question 1

1 mark

Which type of organic matter is the primary source for the formation of coal over millions of years?

Question 2

1 mark

Which set of environmental conditions is necessary for the conversion of marine organic matter into oil and natural gas?

Question 3

1 mark

Which sequence of events best describes the geological formation of oil and natural gas?

Question 4

1 mark

The diagram of a geological oil trap shows oil held within a layer of sandstone, beneath a layer of shale. Which property of the shale allows it to act as a cap rock?

Question 5

3 marks

Describe the sequence of events and environmental conditions necessary for the formation of coal from plant remains.

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Question 6

6 marks

Contrast the environmental conditions and types of organic matter required for the formation of coal compared to those required for crude oil.

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Question 7

5 marks

Evaluate why natural gas is often found trapped beneath a layer of impermeable cap rock above crude oil deposits in a sedimentary basin.

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Question 8

2 marks

Coal is a major fossil fuel used for electricity generation worldwide.
(a) Outline the role of pressure and heat in the formation of coal from ancient plant matter.
(b) State one reason why coal is considered a non-renewable energy resource.

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Question 9

5 marks

Crude oil and natural gas are vital non-renewable energy resources.
(a) Describe the specific environmental conditions and the type of organic matter required for the formation of crude oil over millions of years.
(b) Explain the role of cap rocks and reservoir rocks in the accumulation of oil and gas deposits within the Earth's crust.

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