Senior Secondary (HKDSE) · Physics

Transfer processes: conduction, convection, radiation: Practice Questions

5 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 3 written questions with worked solutions. All on Transfer processes: conduction, convection, radiation.

8 questions17 marksFree, no account
Question 1
1 mark

在流體(液體或氣體)中,熱能透過物質本身的集體流動來傳遞。這種熱傳遞方式稱為:

Question 2
1 mark

兩根長度和橫截面積完全相同的金屬棒 X 和 Y。已知 X 的熱傳導率(thermal conductivity)是 Y 的兩倍。若兩根棒的兩端分別維持相同的溫差,則通過 X 的熱傳導速率是通過 Y 的多少倍?

Question 3
1 mark

在設計保溫瓶時,將內壁鍍成銀色亮面主要是為了減少哪一種熱能傳移方式?

Question 4
1 mark

在建築設計中,為了減少通過牆壁的熱傳遞速率,下列哪種做法最有效利用了傳導、對流、輻射的物理原理?

Question 5
1 mark

在加熱水的過程中,底部的熱水受熱膨脹,密度下降並上升,而上層較冷的重水則下降填補空間,形成循環。這種熱傳遞方式稱為:

Question 6
2 marks

為什麼太陽能熱水器的集熱板通常會塗成黑色?

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Question 7
3 marks

一個金屬湯匙被放入一碗熱湯中。

(a) 請解釋熱能如何沿著金屬湯匙傳遞。 (2分)

(b) 如果你想避免燙手,解釋為何使用木湯匙會是較佳的選擇。 (1分)

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Question 8
7 marks

平板型太陽能熱水器是一種常見的利用太陽能加熱水的裝置。其核心是一個集熱器,通常由一個黑色吸熱板、內部水管、玻璃蓋板和絕緣層組成。

(a) 解釋太陽能如何從外部環境傳遞至集熱器內部的水中,並指出在這一過程中涉及的三種主要熱傳遞方式。(3分)

(b) 描述平板型太陽能集熱器中,玻璃蓋板如何有效減少熱能從吸熱板損失到周圍環境,並解釋其物理原理。(2分)

(c) 假設集熱器外表玻璃蓋板的平均表面溫度為 $$40^\text{C}$$,其表面積為 $$2.0 \text{ m}^2$$,發射率為 $$0.9$$。計算該玻璃蓋板每秒發射的輻射熱能速率。(史提芬-波茲曼常數 $$\sigma = 5.67 \times 10^{-8} \text{ W m}^{-2} \text{ K}^{-4}$$)(2分)

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