Carbonyl compounds: Practice Questions

What is the correct name for the organic product formed when butanone is reacted with HCN in the presence of KCN catalyst?

The reaction between ethanal and hydrogen cyanide is a nucleophilic addition.

Which statement about the mechanism of this reaction is correct?

When an unknown organic compound X is reacted with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, an orange precipitate is formed. However, X does not produce a silver mirror when heated with Tollens' reagent.
Which compound could be X?

A compound Y has the molecular formula \(C_3H_6O\). It reacts with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a sodium cyanide catalyst to form a hydroxynitrile.

What is the correct description of the mechanism for this reaction?

An organic compound Q reacts with alkaline aqueous iodine to form a yellow precipitate.

Which of the following structures could represent Q?

Propanone reacts with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a sodium cyanide catalyst.
Describe the mechanism of this reaction and state the name of the organic product formed.

An organic compound P has the molecular formula \( C_{4}H_{8}O \). P reacts with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to form an orange precipitate, but it does not react with Fehling's solution.

(a) Identify the functional group present in P and give its systematic name.
(b) P reacts with alkaline aqueous iodine to form a yellow precipitate and a carboxylate ion in solution.
(i) State the name of the yellow precipitate.
(ii) Use this observation to deduce the specific structural feature present in P.
(iii) Draw the displayed formula of P.
(c) P can be reduced to compound Q using \( NaBH_{4} \).
(i) State the type of reaction occurring.
(ii) Compound Q reacts with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of potassium cyanide catalyst to form compound R. Describe the mechanism for the reaction between P and \( HCN \), using curly arrows to show the movement of electron pairs.