Oxford AQA International A-level · Biology (9610)

Cells and cell structure: Practice Questions

5 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 4 written questions with worked solutions. All on Cells and cell structure.

9 questions24 marksFree, no account

Question 1

1 mark

Which of the following substances is the main component of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells such as bacteria?

Question 2

1 mark

How does the DNA found in a mitochondrion compare to the DNA found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell?

Question 3

1 mark

A scientist wishes to study the internal structure of a ribosome. Why is an electron microscope preferred over an optical microscope for this task?

Question 4

1 mark

In the provided diagram of a eukaryotic cell, which organelle labeled X is responsible for the synthesis of proteins that will be transported out of the cell?

Question 5

1 mark

Which of the following is a specific limitation of using a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) rather than a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)?

Question 6

2 marks

Briefly describe the role of lysosomes in the maintaining of cellular health in eukaryotic organisms.

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Question 7

4 marks

Describe the appearance of the Golgi apparatus under an electron microscope and state its primary role in the processing of proteins.

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Question 8

6 marks

Explain how the wavelength of the radiation used in an electron microscope allows for a higher resolution compared to an optical microscope, and identify one limitation of using a transmission electron microscope (TEM).

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Question 9

7 marks

The structure of a cell is closely related to its function.
a) A cell is observed under an electron microscope and is found to contain many mitochondria, a large amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), and a prominent Golgi apparatus. Deduce the likely function of this cell and explain your reasoning.
b) Contrast the structure of the cell wall in a eukaryotic plant cell with that of a prokaryotic cell.
c) Describe the principles of cell fractionation and ultracentrifugation used to isolate the mitochondria for further study.

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