Data structures and abstract data types: Practice Questions

• a.An ADT is a theoretical model that describes what data can be stored and what operations can be performed, while a data structure is the physical implementation of that model.
• b.An ADT is a built-in language feature like an integer, while a data structure is always user-defined by the programmer.
• c.An ADT is a dynamic storage method that grows at runtime, while a data structure is always a static fixed-size array.
• d.An ADT is the actual code written to store data, while a data structure is the mathematical proof of the algorithm's efficiency.

• a.Memory must be allocated at compile time, leading to wasted space if the structure is under-utilised.
• b.They require additional memory for storing pointers to track the location of data in memory.
• c.The size of the data structure cannot be changed once the program has started execution.
• d.They can only store data of the same type, unlike static arrays which are heterogeneous.

• a.The value associated with the key 'structure' is changed from 2 to 4.
• b.The key 'structure' is removed and replaced by the integer 4.
• c.The frequency of 'data' and 'type' are also incremented by 4.
• d.A new key-value pair \( \text{'structure'}: 4 \) is added, resulting in two 'structure' entries.

• a.A data type described independently of how it is implemented
• b.A static data structure that cannot change size during execution
• c.A physical storage method using pointers and memory addresses
• d.A built-in data type provided by the programming language compiler

• a.

  The size of the structure is fixed at compile time, preventing overflow errors during execution.

• b.

  They do not require the use of pointers or references to link data elements together.

• c.

  They provide faster access times to individual elements because the memory is contiguous.

• d.

  They are more memory efficient as they only allocate memory as required at runtime.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.

Write your answer out first, then check it against the worked solution.