Question 1
1 markWhat is the key property of the cell membrane that allows it to regulate the passage of specific substances into and out of the cell?
Cambridge IGCSE · Biology (0610)
Cell structure: Practice Questions
5 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 5 written questions with worked solutions. All on Cell structure.
10 questions24 marksFree, no account
Question 2
1 markRibosomes are essential organelles found in all types of cells (plant, animal, and bacterial). What is their primary function?
Question 3
1 markA student observes a bacterial cell under a microscope. The actual length of the cell is \(40\,\mu\text{m}\). In the resulting micrograph, the cell measures \(20\,\text{mm}\). Calculate the magnification of the image.
Question 4
1 markWhat is the primary function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?
Question 5
1 markWhich row correctly compares the structure and primary function of the large central vacuole found in a mature plant cell with the vacuoles or vesicles typically found in an animal cell?
| Large Central Vacuole (Plant Cell) | Vacuoles/Vesicles (Animal Cell) | |
|---|---|---|
| A | Maintains turgor pressure and stores water and ions. | Small, numerous, and typically involved in transport, digestion, or temporary storage. |
| B | Site of photosynthesis and storage of chlorophyll. | Controls movement of substances into and out of the cell. |
| C | Primarily functions in breaking down nutrient molecules to release energy. | Contains circular DNA and plasmids. |
| D | Is rigid and provides a fixed shape to the cell. | Is essential for protein synthesis using ribosomes. |
Question 6
2 marksA student observes a cell under a microscope that has a cell wall, cytoplasm, and plasmids. Identify whether this cell is more likely to be a plant cell or a bacterial cell based on the presence of plasmids.
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Question 7
2 marksCalculate the actual size of a chloroplast if its image size is 10 mm and the magnification of the microscope is \(\times 2000\). Give your answer in micrometres (\(\mu\text{m}\)).
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Question 8
5 marksRed blood cells and root hair cells are both specialised cells. Explain why the cytoplasm of a root hair cell typically contains a nucleus and numerous mitochondria, while a mature red blood cell in mammals lacks both of these structures.
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Question 9
4 marksIdentify two organelles found in both typical plant and animal cells. For each organelle, describe its primary function.
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Question 10
6 marksCompare the structural adaptations of a palisade mesophyll cell and a root hair cell. For each cell, explain how its specific structural features enable it to carry out its primary function efficiently.
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