明清兩代君主為了嚴厲控制臣民思想,防止異見,經常藉由隻言片語入罪。這種高壓手段通稱為什麼?
Senior Secondary (HKDSE) · 中國歷史
明清的君主集權: Practice Questions
5 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 4 written questions with worked solutions. All on 明清的君主集權.
關於明清兩代強化君主集權的制度轉變,下列敘述何者正確?
清朝君主為確保官僚體系對皇權的絕對忠誠與執行效率,除了沿用前代的科舉選官及官員考核制度外,還發展出哪些獨特的機制?
在清代的奏摺制度下,官員可以直接將祕密報告呈送皇帝。這項制度在集權方面的最主要功能是什麼?
明太祖為了鞏固君權,採取了一系列強化中央集權的措施。下列哪一項機構是在他在位期間為了監察百官而設立的?
明代內閣大學士和清代軍機大臣雖然都是輔助皇帝處理政務的機構成員,但在正式官僚體系中的地位有何根本區別?此區別如何體現清代君主集權的強化?
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明太祖廢除宰相制度,使皇帝直接處理政務,從而將君主集權推向新高峰。然而,此舉在實際運作中,如何導致了皇帝決策負擔過重與行政效率下降的內在困境,並促使哪些非官方或非正式的權力機構應運而生,以彌補中央行政權力的空白?
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明清兩代為強化君主集權,在中央權力核心的建制上均有重大變革。試回答下列問題:
(a) 明太祖為了進一步集權,廢除了哪一自秦代以來設立的中央官職?(1分)
(b) 承上題,該官職廢除後,皇帝直接領導六部。為了應付繁重政務,明成祖正式設立了哪一機構以協助行政?(1分)
(c) 清雍正年間,為求用兵西北之軍事機密,設立了哪一臨時機構,隨後更演變成清代最高的權力中樞?(1分)
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明清兩代是中國君主集權政治的高峰期。皇帝透過制度改革,將行政大權牢牢掌握。試回答下列問題:
(a) 試說明明太祖與清聖祖分別透過哪些官制調整,確保君主對中央政務的絕對領導。(4分)
(b) 綜合分析明清兩代君主集權,對當時的政治運作帶來了哪些利弊?(4分)
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