Senior Secondary (HKDSE) · Physical Education

Training and Detraining Effects: Practice Questions

5 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 5 written questions with worked solutions. All on Training and Detraining Effects.

10 questions23 marksFree, no account
Question 1
1 mark

根據運動訓練的可逆性原則(Principle of Reversibility),當運動員停止訓練(Detraining)時,體能會逐漸衰退。若要延緩力量的流失,在減少訓練頻率時應優先維持哪一項要素?

Question 2
1 mark

當運動員進入停止訓練 (Detraining) 階段約兩至四週後,其心肺功能會出現顯著下降。下列哪項關於此階段血液容量 (Blood volume) 變化的描述是正確的?

Question 3
1 mark

研究顯示,當一名耐力運動員停止訓練 (Detraining) 約 4 週後,其乳酸閾值 (Lactate Threshold) 往往會發生「向左移位」 (Left shift) 的現象。下圖描述了運動強度與血乳酸濃度的關係,這項變化對運動員表現的影響是什麼?

Question 4
1 mark

根據研究,如果運動員因受傷或休賽期需要減少訓練量,但仍希望盡可能維持已獲得的心肺耐力適應效果,在保持下列哪一項訓練要素不變的情況下,效果最為顯著?

Question 5
1 mark

當運動員停止訓練(Detraining)約二至四週後,其最大攝氧量(\( \dot{V}O_2 \) max)通常會顯著下降。下列哪一項是導致此現象初期發生的主要生理原因?

Question 6
2 marks

長期阻力訓練會導致肌肉肥大。請說明肌原纖維肥大(Myofibrillar Hypertrophy)對肌肉力量表現的具體影響。

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Question 7
3 marks

在停止訓練(Detraining)期間,運動員的胰島素敏感度(Insulin Sensitivity)會發生什麼變化?這對其運動後的糖原儲存有何影響?

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Question 8
5 marks

當高度訓練的運動員完全停止訓練數週後,其最大攝氧量(\(VO_2\ max\))會顯著下降。請指出在停止訓練初期,哪一個循環系統參數的下降是導致 \(VO_2\ max\) 下降的首要原因?

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Question 9
4 marks

一名運動員在賽季結束後決定休息三個月,期間完全不進行任何體能訓練。請根據運動訓練的相關知識回答下列問題:
(a) 這種因停止規律運動刺激而導致生理機能退步的現象,反映了哪一項運動訓練原則?
(b) 簡述停止訓練對肌肉力量的影響,並列出一個導致此現象的原因。
(c) 停止訓練會對身體組成產生影響。請指出在熱量攝取不變的情況下,體脂肪百分比會如何變化?

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Question 10
4 marks

一名長跑運動員在完成賽季後決定完全停止練習一個月。請根據運動生理學中「訓練和停止訓練後的效應」回答下列問題:
(a) 這種因停止規律運動刺激而導致生理機能退步的現象,反映了哪一項運動訓練原則?
(b) 研究指出,停止訓練後首兩週內,最大攝氧量 (\(VO_2\ max\)) 會顯著下降。請列出導致此現象的兩項心血管系統改變。
(c) 與有氧耐力相比,停止訓練對肌肉力量(Muscular Strength)的影響通常較遲出現。請簡述其原因。

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