The rate and extent of chemical change: แบบฝึกหัด

• a.It increases the kinetic energy of the particles, which increases the rate.
• b.It increases the surface area to volume ratio, which increases the rate.
• c.It decreases the surface area, which decreases the rate.
• d.It lowers the activation energy of the reaction, which increases the rate.

• a.It lowers the pressure of the system, allowing particles to move more freely.
• b.It increases the frequency of collisions and makes the collisions more energetic.
• c.It decreases the activation energy required for the particles to react.
• d.It increases the surface area of the reactants, providing more sites for collision.

• a.Divide the total mass of product formed by the total time taken.
• b.Draw a tangent to the curve at that specific time and calculate its gradient.
• c.Find the y-intercept of the curve and divide it by the x-value.
• d.Calculate the average gradient from the start of the reaction to the end.

• a.\(cm^{3} \cdot s\)
• b.\(g \cdot s\)
• c.\(cm^{3}/s\)
• d.\(s/g\)

• a.There are more particles in the same volume, increasing the frequency of collisions.
• b.The particles are spread further apart, allowing more space for collisions.
• c.The activation energy is lowered, so more collisions are successful.
• d.The particles have more kinetic energy and collide more energetically.

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