Ethics and deviance in sport: แบบฝึกหัด

• a.

  Reduction in the cost of medical testing technology.

• b.

  Creation of an unequal playing field and loss of integrity.

• c.

  Better physiological health for the general population.

• d.

  Increased commercial sponsorship for all athletes.

• a.The lack of adequate segregation between rival fans in the stadium.
• b.The over-consumption of alcohol by traveling supporters.
• c.A perceived unfairness in officiating or a 'retaliation' instinct following a heavy tackle.
• d.The increased use of slow-motion action replays in television broadcasting.

• a.Relying solely on the 'honesty' of athletes and reducing the frequency of random tests.
• b.Implementing 'Whereabouts' rules and biological passports to monitor physiological changes over time.
• c.Allowing all athletes to use any substance they choose to ensure the field is 'equal'.
• d.Increasing the prize money for winners to encourage athletes to stay clean.

• a.The athlete acts as a negative role model for younger children in society.
• b.The results are invalidated, undermining the integrity of the competition and the 'level playing field'.
• c.The general public develops a cynical view toward the honesty of all elite performers.
• d.The athlete experiences increased blood viscosity and potential heart failure.

• a.Doping only affects the individual performer, whereas match-fixing only affects the coaches.
• b.Match-fixing manipulates the fundamental uncertainty of the result, potentially destroying the commercial value of the entire sport.
• c.Match-fixing is legal in some professional leagues while doping is always illegal.
• d.Match-fixing is easier for WADA to detect than the use of modern blood doping techniques.

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