C3.1 Integration of body systems (Organisms): แบบฝึกหัด

• a.

  The hypothalamus detects the change and signals the pancreas to adjust the secretion of glucagon.

• b.

  The pituitary gland directly absorbs excess glucose from the blood to trigger insulin release.

• c.

  The somatic nervous system stimulates the skeletal muscles to produce glucose via photosynthesis.

• d.

  Sensory neurons in the skin transmit impulses to the adrenal medulla to release thyroxin.

• a.Alpha cells in the pancreas secrete glucagon to stimulate glycogenolysis in the liver.
• b.Beta cells in the pancreas secrete insulin to stimulate glucose uptake by cells.
• c.Adipose tissue releases leptin to stimulate the breakdown of fats into glucose.
• d.The hypothalamus triggers the pituitary gland to release thyroxin.

• a.

  The anterior pituitary releases neurotransmitters to the hypothalamus, while the posterior pituitary releases hormones to the thalamus.

• b.

  The anterior pituitary is controlled by releasing hormones via a portal blood system, while the posterior pituitary is controlled by neurosecretory cells via axons.

• c.

  The hypothalamus uses the lymphatic system to control the anterior pituitary and the portal system to control the posterior pituitary.

• d.

  The anterior pituitary is controlled by direct axonal transport, while the posterior pituitary is controlled by releasing hormones in the bloodstream.

• a.A decrease in the core body temperature.
• b.An increase in blood pH levels.
• c.A decrease in the concentration of blood oxygen (\(O_2\)).
• d.An increase in the concentration of blood carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)).

• a.

  Increased gluconeogenesis in the liver.

• b.

  Increased glycogenolysis in the liver.

• c.

  Decreased uptake of glucose by muscle and adipose cells.

• d.

  Increased permeability of cell membranes to glucose.

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