How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances：練習題

• a.

  It is a metallic structure with weak metallic bonds between positive ions and delocalised electrons.

• b.

  It is a giant covalent structure with weak covalent bonds between atoms.

• c.

  It is a small molecular structure with weak intermolecular forces that require little energy to overcome.

• d.

  It is a giant ionic lattice with weak electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions.

• a.

  The delocalised electrons act as a lubricant between the nuclei.

• b.

  The ions are held in a giant lattice by strong electrostatic forces.

• c.

  The atoms are arranged in layers which can slide over each other.

• d.

  The molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces.

• a.

  It is very soft because the layers are held together by weak intermolecular forces.

• b.

  It is an excellent conductor of electricity because it contains delocalised electrons.

• c.

  It has a low melting point because it consists of small hollow molecules called fullerenes.

• d.

  It is transparent because the carbon atoms are arranged in a giant 3D tetrahedral lattice.

• a.

  Ammonia has a giant covalent structure whereas nitrogen is simple molecular.

• b.

  The covalent bonds in ammonia are stronger than the covalent bonds in nitrogen.

• c.

  Ammonia contains ionic bonds which require more energy to break than covalent bonds.

• d.

  Ammonia molecules are larger and have stronger intermolecular forces than nitrogen molecules.

• a.

  \(1.6\,nm^{-1}\)

• b.

  \(6.0\,nm^{-1}\)

• c.

  \(0.1\,nm^{-1}\)

• d.

  \(0.6\,nm^{-1}\)

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。