全球人口：練習題

Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the natural increase rate of a population?

Consider the following demographic data for a country:
Birth Rate: \(12\) per \(1,000\)
Death Rate: \(14\) per \(1,000\)
Which stage of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) is this country most likely entering?

In Stage 5 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM), the death rate slightly exceeds the birth rate. Which of the following best explains the primary driver of this natural decrease?

In the context of population structure, which group is typically used as the numerator when calculating the aged dependency ratio?

A country has a high dependency ratio due to an ageing population. Which of the following is a likely economic consequence for this country?

Using the Demographic Transition Model (DTM), identify the specific stage characterized by high and stable birth rates alongside rapidly falling death rates.

A country has the following population structure:
Age 0–14: \(45\) per cent
Age 15–64: \(50\) per cent
Age 65+: \(5\) per cent
Suggest how this age/sex structure influences the government's allocation of resources toward social services.

A population pyramid displays a very narrow base and a wide top. Explain two major socio-economic challenges that a country with this structure is likely to face.

A country has the following population structure data:
Population under 15: \(18,000,000\)
Population 15–64: \(45,000,000\)
Population 65 and over: \(12,000,000\)

(a) Calculate the aged dependency ratio for this country using the formula: \(\frac{\text{Population over 65}}{\text{Population 15–64}} \times 100\).
(b) Describe three social or economic impacts this specific population structure might have on government spending and provision of services.

Assess the relationship between life expectancy and a country's level of development.

In your answer, explain how and why life expectancy typically changes as a country progresses from Stage 2 to Stage 4 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM), and identify the primary factors driving these changes.