資料處理與資訊（AS）：練習題

A retail database contains the value 39.99 in a field labelled 'Price'. Without any further context or understanding of the currency or product, this value is best described as:

A census database is missing records for an entire rural district because the surveyors could not access the area. Which factor of quality of information is directly compromised in this scenario?

Which statement best describes the difference between the use of Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) in secure communications?

Which type of validation check is most appropriate for ensuring that a 'Date of Birth' entered into a system is not a date in the future (i.e., it must be less than or equal to the current date)?

A business analyst uses a national census register to identify the demographic profile of a specific region. Why is this source categorized as indirect data?

Give one specific example of where batch processing is commonly used by organisations for periodic updates.

Compare data validation and data verification, explaining the fundamental difference between these two techniques for checking data accuracy.

An organization uses batch processing to update its payroll. Explain the functional difference between using a hash total and a control total as verification methods during the data entry process.

A market research company needs to collect user preference data regarding a new mobile app interface design.

(a) Identify two different methods of collecting direct data that the company could use.

(b) Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of using indirect data sources, such as existing consumer statistics reports, compared to the direct methods identified in part (a).

Encryption is essential for protecting sensitive data during transmission between a client and a server.

(a) Explain the primary difference between symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption in terms of the keys used for the process. (2 points)

(b) Describe the role of Transport Layer Security (TLS) in securing a transaction between a web browser and a banking server. (2 points)

(c) Contrast the use of IPsec with TLS/SSL by identifying which layer of network communication they primarily operate in and how this affects their typical application. (2 points)