第 1 題
1 分In the Piliavin et al. (subway Samaritans) study, what was the primary difference in the operationalisation of the 'ill' victim versus the 'drunk' victim?
Cambridge International AS Level · Psychology (9990)
Piliavin 等（地鐵撒瑪利亞人）：練習題
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第 2 題
1 分In the study by Piliavin et al. (subway Samaritans), which of the following describes the role of the two female observers?
第 3 題
1 分Piliavin et al. found that helping behavior did not decrease as the number of bystanders increased. Which of the following best explains why the diffusion of responsibility effect was not observed in this field experiment?
第 4 題
1 分In the study by Piliavin et al. (subway Samaritans), which of the following is a correct description of the victims used in the experiment?
第 5 題
1 分Regarding the results of the Piliavin et al. study, what was the observed relationship between the number of bystanders and the speed of helping?
第 6 題
3 分Identify two quantitative measures of the dependent variable that were recorded by the observers while the victim was collapsed on the floor.
先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。
第 7 題
5 分Explain why the use of qualitative data, such as the recorded comments of female passengers, was necessary to supplement the quantitative findings in this study.
先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。
第 8 題
4 分Explain one reason why the study by Piliavin et al. is categorized as a field experiment rather than a naturalistic observation.
先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。
第 9 題
5 分Piliavin et al. conducted a field experiment to investigate bystander behavior on a New York subway.
(a) Describe the standardized behavior of the 'victim' during the trials. [2]
(b) Explain one way in which the study attempted to control for the variable of 'diffusion of responsibility'. [2]
(c) Identify one qualitative finding recorded by the observers during the study. [1]
先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。
第 10 題
7 分The study by Piliavin et al. (subway Samaritans) utilized a field experiment to observe bystander intervention.
(a) Identify two of the four independent variables manipulated in this study. [2]
(b) Explain one strength and one weakness of using a field experiment to investigate bystander apathy in this study. [2]
(c) Based on the findings regarding the 'ill' and 'drunk' conditions, describe how the cost-reward model explains the differences in the speed of helping. Refer to specific results in your answer. [3]
先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。
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