Organic chemistry：練習題

Which of the following correctly identifies the general formula for the homologous series of alkanes and the reason for their classification as saturated hydrocarbons?

A sample of decane (\(C_{10}H_{22}\)) undergoes thermal cracking to produce ethene (\(C_2H_4\)) and one other hydrocarbon molecule. What is the molecular formula and the name of the other hydrocarbon produced in this specific reaction?

Polyesters are formed through condensation polymerisation. Which statement correctly describes the requirements for the monomers used to create a polyester chain?

Explain the fundamental difference between addition and condensation polymerisation in terms of the functional groups required and the formation of byproducts.

Describe the process of catalytic cracking and explain why it is necessary for meeting the global demand for specific hydrocarbon fractions.

Polymers can be produced through different chemical processes depending on the functional groups present in the monomers.
a) Compare the basic principles of addition polymerisation and condensation polymerisation. Your answer should refer to the number of monomers involved and any by-products formed.
b) A polyester can be formed from a monomer containing two carboxylic acid groups and a monomer containing two alcohol groups. Describe the linkage formed and name the small molecule released during this process.