Weather and Climate：練習題

• a.

  The study of geological time scales and seafloor sediments.

• b.

  The state of atmospheric conditions at a particular time and place.

• c.

  The average state of atmospheric conditions over a 30-year period.

• d.

  The long-term patterns of temperature and precipitation in a region.

• a.

  When the concentration of condensation nuclei in the atmosphere decreases to a point where water droplets can coalesce.

• b.

  When the pressure gradient between two locations becomes steep enough to initiate horizontal air motion.

• c.

  When the amount of water vapour in the air exceeds the maximum amount it can hold at a given temperature.

• d.

  When the air temperature increases rapidly, causing the air to expand and hold more water vapour.

• a.

  It deflects the moving air to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere, altering their directional flow as they cross the equator.

• b.

  It reverses the thermal properties of land and sea surfaces, which triggers the seasonal cycle of land and sea breezes.

• c.

  It accelerates wind speed uniformly across regions by completely eliminating the frictional drag caused by Earth's surface topography.

• d.

  It directly generates the primary pressure gradient force required to initiate the horizontal motion of air masses from high to low pressure zones.

• a.

  They occur only at the local scale due to site-specific surface temperatures.

• b.

  They are result of the Earth's rotation on its axis over a 24-hour period.

• c.

  They occur at a regional scale and are influenced by the Coriolis force.

• d.

  They are caused solely by the difference in altitude between locations.

• a.

  It results in a smaller annual range of temperature due to the moderating influence of the sea.

• b.

  It causes higher solar angles, resulting in much higher daily temperatures.

• c.

  It prevents the formation of relief rainfall, making coastal areas drier than inland areas.

• d.

  It leads to a significant increase in air pressure, causing lower temperatures year-round.

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。