單元一：人口變化：練習題

Which of the following terms describes the number of people per unit of arable land, providing a more accurate measure of population pressure than simple arithmetic density?

Which of the following best describes the infant mortality rate (IMR)?

Consider the concept of forced migration. Which of the following scenarios describes the movement of environmental refugees?

Which demographic metric represents the average number of children a woman is expected to have during her reproductive years (\(15-49\))?

A country has a high old-age dependency ratio. Which of the following is a likely socio-economic challenge resulting from this demographic structure?

Describe one physical factor that influences global population distribution.

Explain how push factors and pull factors contribute to the changing population distribution within a country, with a focus on rural-to-urban migration patterns.

A hypothetical country has \( 35\% \) of its population under age 15, \( 55\% \) aged 15–64, and \( 10\% \) aged 65 and over. Calculate the total dependency ratio and identify one economic challenge this specific ratio poses for the government.

a) Identify two physical factors that typically lead to a sparse population distribution in mountainous regions.
b) Explain how the process of rural-to-urban migration changes the age structure and population distribution of the source rural area over time.

a) Distinguish between population density and population distribution.

b) Explain how two different human factors, such as economic opportunities and government policies, can lead to significant changes in population distribution within a country. Provide specific examples for each factor.