研究問題、目的與假設：練習題

Which ethical principle ensures that participants are fully aware of the nature of the research, including any potential risks, before agreeing to participate?

A researcher is concerned that demand characteristics might influence the outcome of their experiment. Which type of validity is most directly compromised by this phenomenon?

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a quasi-experiment, and why?

A researcher recruits participants for a study by asking current participants to suggest other people they know who might be interested. What type of sampling is this?

A researcher finds a strong positive correlation of \(r = 0.82\) between hours of physical exercise and reported levels of happiness. What is the most accurate conclusion that can be drawn from this result?

Identify one primary strength of using a laboratory experiment as a research method in the study of human behaviour.

Explain the difference between purposive sampling and snowball sampling in qualitative research.

Explain how the practice of reflexivity contributes to the overall credibility of findings in a qualitative research study.

Part A: Explain the difference between probability sampling and non-probability sampling in psychological research.
Part B: Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of using snowball sampling when researching sensitive topics or marginalized populations.