Individual differences：練習題

• a.

  The relatively stable and enduring aspects of individuals which distinguish them from others, making them unique.

• b.

  The external social influences that dictate how an athlete behaves in a team environment.

• c.

  The temporary emotional states an athlete experiences during a high-pressure competition.

• d.

  The specific motor skills and physical attributes required for elite performance.

• a.

  They do not account for the influence of the specific environment or situation on behavior.

• b.

  They rely too heavily on qualitative observational data rather than psychometric testing.

• c.

  They are too complex and involve too many variables for practical use.

• d.

  They focus exclusively on the interaction between person and situation.

• a.

  Verbal persuasion (encouragement from coaches or peers).

• b.

  Performance accomplishments (past mastery experiences).

• c.

  Vicarious experiences (watching others perform the skill).

• d.

  Emotional and physiological arousal states during the performance.

• a.

  A high sense of urgency and a strong competitive drive.

• b.

  A preference for individual sports to avoid social interaction.

• c.

  A relaxed, patient approach to training and competition.

• d.

  A tendency to be creative and imaginative rather than competitive.

• a.

  A typically calm player remains composed during practice but becomes hostile during a championship final.

• b.

  An athlete's physiological response to exercise remains consistent across all types of weather conditions.

• c.

  A coach treats all athletes the same way regardless of their individual needs or personalities.

• d.

  A naturally calm individual remains calm regardless of whether they are winning or losing.

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。

先自己寫一次答案，再對照解題步驟。