The Skeletal and Muscular Systems：練習題

Which mineral is most important for maintaining the strength and hardness of our bones?

When you bend your arm at the elbow (flexion), which of the following statements correctly describes the action of the antagonistic muscles?

A researcher is studying the mechanical properties of different tissues in the human musculoskeletal system. They observe a tissue that connects a skeletal muscle to a bone. This tissue is found to be composed of dense, parallel collagen fibers and possesses very low elasticity. During a sudden, powerful muscle contraction, which of the following best explains why the non-elastic nature of this specific tissue is essential for efficient movement, and what would be the consequence if it were highly elastic?

What is the primary function of red bone marrow found inside some bones of the skeletal system?

Which of the following best explains why synovial joints are more prone to injury in elderly people whose synovial membrane produces less fluid?

Identify the type of joint found in the human knee and describe the specific direction of movement it allows.

A person is unable to straighten their leg at the knee. Based on the principle of antagonistic muscle action, identify which muscle group is likely failing to contract and which is failing to relax.

Describe the antagonistic action of the biceps and triceps during the flexion of the elbow. In your answer, explain the role of tendons in transmitting the force generated by these muscles to the skeletal system.

A typical synovial joint consists of various parts that allow for smooth and efficient movement.

(a) Identify the type of joint found at the knee. (1 mark)
(b) Describe the function of the ligaments located at this joint. (1 mark)
(c) Explain the role of synovial fluid in the movement of the knee. (1 mark)

When a person lifts a heavy object by bending their arm at the elbow, a specific set of muscles must coordinate.

(a) Identify the biceps and triceps as either the flexor or the extensor during this action. (2 marks)
(b) Explain what happens to the length and state of tension of the biceps to cause the forearm to move upwards. (2 marks)
(c) Why is it impossible for a single muscle to both pull and push a bone? (1 mark)