Exchange and transport in animals：練習題

An athlete has a stroke volume of \(80\text{ cm}^3\) and a heart rate of \(75\text{ beats per minute}\). Calculate their cardiac output in \(\text{dm}^3\text{/min}\).

During vigorous exercise, a person's heart rate increases to \(160\text{ bpm}\). If their cardiac output is measured at \(24\text{ dm}^3\text{/min}\), calculate the stroke volume in \(\text{cm}^3\).

Which statement correctly compares aerobic and anaerobic respiration in humans?

Explain why a multicellular organism, such as a mammal, requires a specialized transport system, whereas a single-celled organism does not.

Compare the metabolic processes of aerobic and anaerobic respiration in terms of the products formed and the relative amount of energy released per molecule of glucose.

A patient has a stroke volume of \(70\text{ ml}\) and a heart rate of \(80\text{ beats per minute}\). Calculate the cardiac output in \(\text{litres per minute}\).

(a) Compare the processes of aerobic and anaerobic respiration in humans, including the products formed and the relative amount of energy released.
(b) A person has a stroke volume of \(75\text{ }cm^3\) and a heart rate of \(72\text{ }bpm\). Calculate their cardiac output in \(dm^3/min\).