Inheritance：練習題

In DNA molecules, the two strands are held together by paired bases. Which of the following correctly identifies the base that pairs with cytosine (C)?

Which of the following statements correctly describes a key difference between the products of mitosis and meiosis in human cells?

A section of DNA has the following base sequence: T A C G G C A T T. During transcription, an mRNA molecule is formed. What would be the sequence of the anticodons on the tRNA molecules that bind to the first two codons of this mRNA?

Which term describes the physical expression of an organism's genetic makeup, such as having blue eyes or being tall?

A woman with blood group A (genotype \(I^A I^O\)) and a man with blood group B (genotype \(I^B I^O\)) have a child. The alleles for blood groups A and B are codominant. What is the probability that their child will have blood group AB?

Explain why the sex of a human offspring is determined by the sperm cell rather than the egg cell during fertilisation.

Explain how environmental factors and ionising radiation can affect the incidence of mutations in an organism's genetic material.

Using the terms genotype and phenotype, explain how a recessive allele can be present in an individual without being expressed.

Cell division occurs by mitosis or meiosis.
a) Compare the daughter cells produced by mitosis with those produced by meiosis in terms of their genetic identity and chromosome number.
b) Explain the importance of meiosis in the process of sexual reproduction.

The sequence of bases in a DNA molecule determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein.
a) Describe the process of transcription that occurs in the nucleus.
b) Explain how the mRNA molecule is used to produce a polypeptide chain during translation.