生物群系、生態系統服務與農業系統：練習題

In the context of rural environments, which term describes farming with high levels of input, such as capital or labour, relative to the amount of land used?

In many developing countries, which of the following is a common push factor that encourages rural-urban migration?

In developed countries, rural areas often experience a specific economic phenomenon where the closure of a local primary industry leads to a sequence of further job losses, reduced local spending, and the subsequent withdrawal of services like schools and shops.

What is the correct geographical term for this process?

In developed countries, what is the term for the process where a cycle of decline occurs because the closure of one business leads to a loss of jobs and reduced spending in the local rural economy?

In the study of rural environments, which classification of a farming system describes a farm that produces high yields from a relatively small area of land through large inputs of capital and labor?

Identify two characteristics of the boreal forest biome. (2)

Explain how counter-urbanisation can lead to social and economic changes in a rural settlement within a developed country.

Evaluate the role of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in managing the environmental challenges caused by shifting landholdings in a named developing country. (5)

Rural environments are diverse biomes that provide essential goods and services.
(a) Name two physical characteristics of the temperate grassland biome. (2)
(b) Identify one good and one service provided to people by mangrove ecosystems. (1)
(c) Define the term arable farming. (1)<\/p>

Rural environments must adapt to remain sustainable in the face of economic challenges.
(a) Explain the negative multiplier effect in the context of rural isolation and economic decline. (2)
(b) Describe how recreation and leisure activities can be used by farmers as a strategy for farm diversification. (2)
(c) Identify one reason why rural-urban migration is considered a significant factor of change in developing countries. (1)<\/p>