上帝存在的論證：练习题

According to William James, which of the following is one of the four characteristics of a mystical experience?

How does Richard Swinburne’s Principle of Credulity apply to the verification of religious experiences?

According to Aquinas' Way 3, which of the following is the best description of a 'contingent' being?

Which scholar is known for the criticism that 'existence is not a predicate' when responding to the Ontological argument?

In the context of the problem of evil, which term describes evil that results from the malfunction of the natural world, such as earthquakes or disease?

Briefly explain William James' view of mystical experiences as presented in the study of religious experience.

Explain how Paley uses the analogy of the watch to argue for the existence of a designer.

Explain how Gaunilo's 'perfect island' serves as a criticism of the logic in the ontological argument.

(a) Examine the key features of John Hick’s ‘soul-making’ theodicy as a response to the problem of evil.

(b) ‘Hick’s theodicy is more successful at explaining natural evil than moral evil.’
Critically evaluate this statement with reference to the concept of epistemic distance.

Critically assess the challenges posed by David Hume and Anthony Flew to the meaningfulness of religious language. Your answer should include a discussion of:
• The verification and falsification principles.
• R.M. Hare’s concept of a ‘Blik’ as a response to these challenges.
• Whether religious statements can be considered cognitive or non-cognitive.