Senior Secondary (HKDSE) · Biology

Techniques in modern biotechnology : Practice Questions

5 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 5 written questions with worked solutions. All on Techniques in modern biotechnology .

10 questions25 marksFree, no account

Question 1

1 mark

In plant tissue culture, what is the primary biological property of plant cells that allows a small piece of tissue to grow into a complete, mature plant?

Question 2

1 mark

What is the specific role of DNA ligase in the construction of a recombinant DNA molecule?

Question 3

1 mark

In the process of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) used for cloning a mammal like Dolly the sheep, which of the following best describes the origin of the genetic material in the resulting clone and the biological reason for using an enucleated egg cell?

Question 4

1 mark

In the process of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), which of the following is the correct sequence of steps occurring in a single thermal cycle?

Question 5

1 mark

A researcher is attempting to produce a genetically modified (GM) bacterium that can express a human protein. Which of the following describes the essential sequence of steps required to create this recombinant organism?

Question 6

2 marks

What is the primary function of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique in modern biotechnology?

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Question 7

4 marks

In a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), explain why the annealing step requires a specific temperature, usually between \(50^\circ\text{C}\) and \(65^\circ\text{C}\).

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Question 8

5 marks

In recombinant DNA technology, why is the use of complementary DNA (cDNA), rather than a direct genomic DNA segment, essential when attempting to express human proteins in bacterial hosts?

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Question 9

4 marks

Stem cell research is a rapidly advancing field in modern biotechnology with significant therapeutic potential.

(a) Distinguish between multipotent and pluripotent stem cells based on their differentiation potential. (2 marks)

(b) For each type of stem cell mentioned in (a), provide one example of where it can be found in the human body. (2 marks)

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Question 10

5 marks

Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) is a technique used for animal cloning, notably demonstrated by the creation of Dolly the sheep.

(a) Outline the major steps involved in animal cloning using the SCNT technique. (3 marks)

(b) Discuss one ethical concern specifically related to the welfare of cloned animals generated through SCNT. (2 marks)

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