Senior Secondary (HKDSE) · Chemistry

Homologous series (alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, amides, amines): Practice Questions

5 multiple-choice questions marked as you go, and 5 written questions with worked solutions. All on Homologous series (alkanes, alkenes, haloalkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, amides, amines).

10 questions28 marksFree, no account

Question 1

1 mark

The conversion of a haloalkane to an alcohol using aqueous sodium hydroxide is an example of which type of reaction?

Question 2

1 mark

Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?

Question 3

1 mark

Which of the following statements correctly describes the observation when butan-1-amine is added to a solution of copper(II) sulphate until butan-1-amine is in excess?

Question 4

1 mark

What is the general formula for alkenes?

Question 5

1 mark

What is the systematic IUPAC name for the haloalkane with the structural formula \( CH_3CH(Cl)CH(CH_3)CH_2CH_3 \)?

Question 6

3 marks

Define homologous series and state two characteristics of its members.

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Question 7

3 marks

An organic compound A is produced by the reduction of ethanoic acid with lithium aluminium hydride (\( LiAlH_4 \)). Name compound A and identify the homologous series to which it belongs.

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Question 8

6 marks

Outline a reaction sequence to convert ethene into ethyl ethanoate. Specify the reagents and conditions required for each conversion step.

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Question 9

3 marks

A student performs an experiment to synthesize an ester, compound A, by reacting propanoic acid with an unknown alcohol, compound R, in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The molecular formula of the alcohol R is \(C_3H_8O\).

(a) If the alcohol R is propan-1-ol, draw its structural formula and state the name of its characteristic homologous series.

(b) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between propanoic acid and propan-1-ol. Use structural formulae for all organic reactants and products.

(c) State the primary role of concentrated sulfuric acid in this esterification reaction.

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Question 10

8 marks

Compound X has the molecular formula \(C_4H_9NO\). It is an unsubstituted amide.

(a) Draw the structural formula of X and give its systematic name. (2 marks)

(b) Compound X can be synthesized from a primary alcohol Y via a two-step process. Identify alcohol Y and state the reagents and conditions for each step. (3 marks)

(c) At room temperature, X is a crystalline solid, while its structural isomer \(N,N\)-dimethylethanamide is a liquid. Explain this difference in physical state with reference to their molecular structures and intermolecular forces. (2 marks)

(d) Write a balanced chemical equation for the hydrolysis of X in the presence of hot dilute hydrochloric acid. (1 mark)

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