4.1 American Attitudes About Government and Politics：練習問題

• a.

  Implementing significant permanent tax cuts for corporations to encourage long-term capital investment.

• b.

  Cutting government expenditures and balancing the budget to restore investor confidence in the economy.

• c.

  Reducing the money supply through the Federal Reserve to prevent potential inflationary pressures.

• d.

  Increasing federal spending on infrastructure projects to stimulate aggregate demand and create jobs.

• a.

  Decrease the incentive for individuals to work, save, and invest, thereby slowing overall economic growth and reducing long-term tax revenue.

• b.

  Lead to a decrease in aggregate demand, as lower-income consumers would have less disposable income to spend.

• c.

  Force the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates, which would lead to hyperinflation and the devaluation of the dollar.

• d.

  Reduce the budget deficit too quickly, leading to a sudden and dangerous contraction in the national money supply.

• a.

  Supporting the expansion of the Affordable Care Act to move toward universal healthcare coverage through increased government subsidies.

• b.

  Proposing the elimination of the estate tax to prevent the government from taxing assets twice.

• c.

  Supporting the use of government vouchers to allow parents to send their children to private or religious schools.

• d.

  Advocating for the privatization of the Social Security system to allow individuals to invest their own retirement funds.

• a.

  The poll likely suffers from selection bias because the sampling method excludes individuals who only use mobile phones or are at work during the day.

• b.

  The margin of error for a sample of 1,000 is typically too high for the poll to be considered scientifically valid.

• c.

  The poll suffers from social desirability bias, as respondents are likely to lie about their environmental habits to the interviewer.

• d.

  The sample size is too small to represent the views of the entire American population with any degree of accuracy.

• a.

  Social media platforms have replaced traditional community structures as the dominant factor in shaping early political identity.

• b.

  Public schools, through mandatory civics education, are the most consistent predictors of an individual's future voting behavior.

• c.

  Peer groups are the most influential factor, as adolescents prioritize social belonging over familial political traditions.

• d.

  The family serves as the primary agent of socialization, as children often adopt the party identification and political leanings of their parents.

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