Chemical cells and fuel cells (chemistry only)：練習問題

What is the only waste product produced by a hydrogen fuel cell during its operation?

A student investigates the voltage of a simple chemical cell made by connecting two different metals in an electrolyte. Which pair of metals would produce the highest voltage?

At the cathode of a hydrogen fuel cell, oxygen reacts with hydrogen ions to produce water. Which of the following represents the correct balanced half equation for this reaction (HT only)?

A student connects two different metals to an electrolyte to create a simple chemical cell. Which of the following defines a battery in this context?

Hydrogen fuel cells are increasingly used in vehicles. What is the overall balanced equation for the reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell?

Explain why non-rechargeable batteries, such as alkaline batteries, eventually stop producing a potential difference.

A simple chemical cell can be constructed by connecting two different metals in contact with an electrolyte.
Explain why a cell containing magnesium and copper electrodes produces a higher voltage than a cell containing zinc and copper electrodes.

A battery is constructed by connecting six identical cells in series. If each individual cell produces \(1.5\text{V}\), calculate the total potential difference of the battery and explain why cells are connected in this way.

A student investigated the factors that affect the voltage produced by a simple chemical cell.

a) State two components, other than the connecting wires and a voltmeter, that are required to construct a simple chemical cell. (2 points)
b) The student found that the voltage of the cell changes depending on the materials used. Suggest one way the student could increase the voltage produced by the cell. (1 point)

Batteries are commonly used to power portable electronic devices. Some batteries are non-rechargeable, while others can be recharged.

a) Explain why non-rechargeable batteries, such as alkaline batteries, stop producing a voltage after a period of use. (2 points)
b) Rechargeable batteries can be used many times. Explain how the chemical reactions in a rechargeable battery are reversed so it can be used again. (2 points)