Atmospheric pollution and its causes：練習問題

Flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) is a management strategy used in power stations. Which chemical reaction best represents the removal of the pollutant in a wet scrubber using limestone?

The Montreal Protocol is an international agreement. Which environmental issue was it specifically designed to address, and what was the main mechanism of its success?

How does a temperature inversion facilitate the formation of photochemical smog in urban environments?

How does the acidification of bodies of water, a result of acid rain, specifically impact fish populations in freshwater ecosystems?

The enhanced greenhouse effect is caused by an increase in specific gases. Which of the following lists only gases that contribute directly to this effect through human activity?

Explain why photochemical smog is more prevalent in cities located in basins or valleys during a temperature inversion.

Explain the specific chemical mechanism by which chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) lead to the thinning of the ozone layer in the stratosphere.

(a) Explain why a temperature inversion in the troposphere can lead to a significant increase in the concentration of photochemical smog in urban areas.

(b) In a study of an industrial city, the concentration of nitrogen dioxide \(\text{(NO}_2\)\) was found to be 0.12 parts per million (ppm). Following the implementation of mandatory catalytic converters on all vehicles, the concentration dropped to 0.03 ppm. Calculate the percentage decrease in \(\text{NO}_2\) levels.