Motivation to work：練習問題

According to McClelland's theory of achievement motivation, an individual who is primarily motivated by the desire to maintain high-quality social relationships and values cooperation over competition is demonstrating a high need for:

Which of the following describes an intrinsic motivator?

According to Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory, a workplace environment that fosters psychological well-being and intrinsic motivation would be characterised by opportunities for:

Which of the following is an example of an intrinsic motivator as categorized in the 'Motivators at work' section of the syllabus?

In the context of McClelland's theory of achievement motivation, an individual who is primarily interested in career advancement through the control of organizational resources and the direction of subordinates would score highest in the need for:

Identify the three specific needs proposed by McClelland in his theory of achievement motivation.

Explain how the concept of empowerment serves as an intrinsic motivator for an individual within an organisation.

Using Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory and the findings from Landry et al. (2019), explain how a competence-contingent cash reward can avoid the undermining effect if it is perceived by the employee as informational rather than controlling.

McClelland's theory of achievement motivation suggests that individuals are driven by three specific needs in the workplace.

(a) Identify and briefly define the three needs proposed by McClelland. [3]
(b) State which of these needs would be most associated with a worker seeking a promotion to a senior management role involving significant influence over team members. [1]

Latham and Locke (1984) proposed that goal-setting is a key cognitive process that influences employee performance.

(a) Explain what is meant by 'SMART' goals in the context of this theory. [3]
(b) Suggest how 'feedback' and 'task complexity' act as moderators in goal-setting theory. [2]