Infectious diseases：練習問題

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the pathogen that causes HIV/AIDS?

Why are individuals with HIV/AIDS significantly more likely to develop active tuberculosis (TB)?

The following is a list of events that occur during the development of antibiotic resistance in a population of Mycobacterium tuberculosis:

1. Vertical transmission of the resistant allele to daughter cells.
2. A random mutation occurs in a gene in a single bacterium.
3. The patient stops taking their course of antibiotics prematurely.
4. Bacteria without the resistant allele are killed, while the resistant bacterium survives.

What is the correct sequence of these events?

Which of the following is an economic factor that directly influences the prevention and control of cholera outbreaks?

Which statement best explains why the use of antibiotics, such as penicillin, is ineffective in treating a person infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

State the specific name and type of the pathogen that causes cholera.

Compare the method of transmission between tuberculosis (TB) and malaria.

Explain the economic and social consequences of the spread of HIV/AIDS on the workforce and healthcare systems of developing nations.

Malaria remains one of the most significant infectious diseases globally. It is caused by protoctists of the genus Plasmodium.
(a) State the names of two species of Plasmodium that cause malaria in humans.
(b) Describe the mode of transmission of the malarial parasite to a human host.

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the pathogen responsible for AIDS.
(a) Describe the methods of transmission for HIV.
(b) Explain how the social and economic conditions of a region can influence the rate of HIV transmission within its population.