Principles and theories of learning movement skills：練習問題

• a.

  Negative reinforcement

• b.

  Punishment

• c.

  Positive reinforcement

• d.

  Satisfier removal

• a.

  Law of Exercise.

• b.

  Law of Response Variation.

• c.

  Law of Effect.

• d.

  Law of Readiness.

• a.

  It focuses on the use of mechanical guidance to force the body into the correct movement pattern.

• b.

  It emphasizes that the learner thinks about the whole problem and uses 'insight' to process information between the stimulus and response.

• c.

  It suggests that learning only occurs through a process of trial and error followed by reinforcement.

• d.

  It argues that the environment has no impact on the performer's ability to solve the tactical problem.

• a.

  The learner must have the drive and desire to replicate the observed behavior.

• b.

  The learner must be physically capable of performing the movement demonstrated.

• c.

  The coach must ensure the demonstration is loud enough to capture the learner's focus.

• d.

  The learner must create a mental image and remember the demonstration for later use.

• a.

  It allows for the S-R bond to be strengthened more quickly through the repetition of the entire movement pattern.

• b.

  It encourages insight learning and the use of 'perception' to understand the relationships between different parts of the skill in context.

• c.

  It reduces the cognitive load on the learner by focusing on the outcome rather than the technical sub-routines.

• d.

  It utilizes vicarious reinforcement, where the learner observes a model and imitates the successful whole-skill execution.

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