Stages of learning：練習問題

• a.Performance is inconsistent with many errors, requiring extrinsic feedback to correct basic movement patterns.
• b.Performance is fluid and aesthetic, relying primarily on intrinsic feedback and kinesthesis.
• c.Movement is smooth and coordinated, with the performer focusing on tactical decisions rather than technique.
• d.The performer can detect and correct their own errors using a developed motor programme.

• a.

  The player relies entirely on extrinsic feedback as they cannot detect their own errors.

• b.

  The skill is performed automatically with no conscious thought required for the movement.

• c.

  The fundamentals are mastered, and the player begins to compare their performance with a mental model.

• d.

  Performance is highly inconsistent with frequent, large errors in the basic technique.

• a.

  The player is focused on the basic mechanics of the dribble and the footwork required for the shot.

• b.

  The player relies on verbal cues from the coach to know when to release the ball.

• c.

  The player experiences a 'plateau' in performance because the skill has become too habitual.

• d.

  The motor program is executed with little conscious thought, allowing the player to focus on the movements of the defenders.

• a.

  The performer is unable to use intrinsic feedback to correct errors during the movement.

• b.

  The learner must focus heavily on the basic mechanics of the skill to ensure success.

• c.

  Movement is jerky and lacks coordination as the learner relies on trial and error.

• d.

  The motor programme is fully formed and stored in the long-term memory, allowing for consistent performance.

• a.

  The performer relies entirely on Knowledge of Results (KR) to understand the success of the outcome rather than the movement itself.

• b.

  The performer requires constant verbal guidance from a coach because their internal mental map of the skill is still unformed.

• c.

  The performer begins to move from relying on extrinsic feedback to using intrinsic feedback (kinesthesis) to detect their own errors.

• d.

  The performer reaches a plateau where feedback no longer aids improvement, requiring a shift to autonomous drills.

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