Criminal psychology：練習問題

In Hall and Player's (2008) study on building a case, what was the primary aim regarding the introduction of an emotional context?

In the context of Managing Offenders, which of the following best describes the psychological basis for using Restorative Justice as an alternative to imprisonment?

In Criminal psychology, how does Rational choice theory explain why an individual might decide to commit a crime?

In relation to Criminal psychology, identify one cognitive bias studied by Hall and Player (2008) and briefly explain how it might influence the processing of forensic evidence.

In Criminal psychology, evaluate the use of restorative justice as a strategy for managing offenders, mentioning one strength and one limitation regarding its effectiveness in reducing reoffending rates.

(a) Outline the independent variable (IV) and the dependent variable (DV) in the core study by Dixon et al. (2002) regarding attributions of guilt in the courtroom. [2]

(b) Explain one way in which the findings of this study could be applied to improve the fairness of jury decisions. [2]

(a) Describe the biological explanation of criminal behaviour with reference to the 'MAOA gene'. [3]

(b) Compare this biological explanation with the differential association social explanation of crime. Discuss at least two differences in their approach to explaining why individuals turn to crime. [5]