Development and diversity：練習問題

In the context of Hindu scripture, which term refers to the category of texts that are considered 'remembered' as opposed to those that are 'heard'?

In the context of the Indus Valley civilisation and its connection to the origins of Hinduism, which piece of archaeological evidence is most frequently cited by scholars to suggest early forms of religious practice resembling later Hindu traditions?

Within the Theistic Traditions of Hinduism, Shaktism (specifically left-hand Shaktism) is noted for its inclusion of 'transgression'. What is a primary theological rationale for these transgressive practices?

In the context of the Indus Valley Civilisation and its connection to the origins of Hinduism, which archaeological finding is most commonly debated by scholars as representing a 'proto-Shiva' figure?

According to the Vishishtadvaita philosophy of Ramanuja, the relationship between Brahman and the world/selves is defined as apirthak-siddha. How does this school specifically conceptualize the physical universe and individual souls in relation to Brahman?

In the context of Development and Diversity, identify one piece of evidence from the Indus Valley civilisation that scholars use to suggest early religious practice related to later Hindu traditions.

Discuss how Neo-Vedanta, as popularized by figures like Swami Vivekananda, reinterprets traditional Hindu teachings to address the challenges of modernity and Western philosophical thought.

In the context of Hinduism and India, what does the political and cultural identity known as Hindutva primarily emphasize regarding Indian national identity?

Critically assess the importance of Dharma as a foundational principle of civilization. Your answer should address:
a) The relationship between Dharma and Adharma in the context of the Mahayuga.
b) The Purusharthas (aims of life) and their connection to Varnashramadharma.
c) The role of the Hindu community in shaping contemporary interpretations of righteous living.

"Religious teaching in Hinduism is the primary cause of social discrimination against Dalits." Critically evaluate this view, taking into account:
a) The distinction between varna (class) and jati (caste).
b) Traditional views on 'untouchability'.
c) The role of Dalit Solidarity Networks and modern reform movements in challenging entrenched social issues.