Data representation and number systems：練習問題

What is the primary function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in a computer system?

Which statement correctly distinguishes between Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read-Only Memory (ROM)?

In a cache memory system, a four-way set associative mapping scheme is used. The cache has 256 cache lines, and each cache line holds 64 bytes. What is the total number of sets in this cache, and how many unique tag bits are required to identify a block in a main memory with $$2^{32}$$ bytes address space? Assume a byte-addressable memory.

State the purpose of the Memory Data Register (MDR) during the machine instruction cycle.

Distinguish between the Random Access Memory (RAM) and the Read Only Memory (ROM) in terms of their volatility and typical contents.

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is fundamental to a computer's operation. Its ability to process instructions involves several key components working in concert.

a) Identify and describe the primary function of the Program Counter (PC) and the Accumulator (ACC) within the CPU, specifically explaining their roles during the execution of an instruction that involves arithmetic operations.

b) Explain the role of the Address Bus and the Data Bus in facilitating the transfer of data between the CPU and Main Memory. Describe how these buses are utilized when the CPU retrieves an instruction from memory.